System for creating high and low speed non-algorithmic random numbers for encryption/decryption

ABSTRACT

A method and structure for generating and publishing random number fields for both low speed and high-speed encryption. The numbers which, are derived from natural non-algorithmic sources, allow the usage of high-speed encryption devices including voice activated devices. Combining the high-speed natural non-algorithmic number fields within a computer allows the formation of a computerized encryption and decryption device which operates in combination with a non-algorithmic low-speed and high-speed natural number-generator. The computer may periodically select non-algorithmic natural random numbers from the natural random n umber-generator and may utilize a prepared software program to insert the numbers into an algorithmic expansion program. The program converts less rapidly derived non-algorithmic natural random numbers to a high-speed series of natural numbers for Internet presentation and use.

This application claims priority from Provisional application Ser. No.60/224,778, filed Aug. 14, 2000.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention pertains to the general field of encryption and decryptionsystems and more particularly to a system which utilizes randomencryption and decryption numbers derived from natural non-algorithmicsources.

BACKGROUND ART

In the applicant's co-pending patent application, a method is disclosedfor creating non-algorithmic random numbers and for publishing therandom numbers on the Internet. This Internet publication typicallyconsists of 1000 random numbers in some chosen period of time. Thetypical use of this is similar to the “one-time-pad” cipher system. Thenormal cipher method would be to simply choose a starting line andnumber whereby the usual sequential string of numbers would suffice toconvert all the digitized plane-text letters to coded digits or symbols.

One simple way a unitized random number sequence may be checked forrandomness is by taking the average of all 0 to 9 concerned individualnumbers and checking that average against the number 4.5. The averagecan deviate in a Bell curve plus or minus, especially from smallersequence groups. Allow that naturally derived numbers do not have toattain an average within some chosen sequence of number examination.

By aligning the grouped 1000 numbers (or any chosen- amount of randomnumbers) so that they are positioned correspondingly in vertical columnsas well as horizontal lines of successive numbers to form a rectilinearrelationship, a “field” of random numbers is created which enhancesvisual manipulation.

A number field, as taught here, allows both a planar and parallelmulti-planar relationship to exist for use of the numbers. Protocols ofuse can include simple understood procedures to be agreed upon by two ormore cipher users such as:

a. Skipping an agreed upon separation of numbers between the numbersthat will be used.

b. Skipping an agreed upon separation of lines between the lines thatwill be used.

c. Skipping an agreed upon separation of both lines and numbers betweennumbers that will be used.

d. Using an agreed upon alternation of lines.

e. Using and agreed upon separation and alternation of lines.

f. Stepping between lines as consecutive numbers are used.

g. Other similar geometric position shifts to chose consecutive numbers.+X might mean count left to right, and −x means to count right to left.+Y might mean count lines upward, and −y means to count lines downward.

h. The use of geometric overlay patterns.

Using planar algorithms to determine which consecutive natural randomnumber will be used. Such algorithms may include values of X and Y aswell as −X and −Y values in addition to numerical constants.

The use of such protocol means that the first used number might be anyagreed upon number of the numbers in the field For example the 1^(st)random number corresponding with the unit column of the day of themonth. The 15^(th) day would direct one to scan the field numberssequentially until the 1^(st) number 5 is found. The second number maybe any additional number in the field and neither consecutive inposition or line choice. Obviously in a field of random numbers, theselection of the numbers used in an unpredictable order (without knowingthe protocol) quickly creates compounded decryption difficulties.

The creation of such Random Number Fields makes possible a simple fieldcipher arrangement requiring nothing more than pencil and paper when theInternet presentation of a Random Number Field exists. Conversely, thiscipher method creates an astronomical burden upon all encryptionmethods. The invention of Random Number Fields, on published Web pagepresentations, creates such a simple cipher means while simultaneouslycompounding the difficulty of decryption methods. Encryption anddecryption software may also be used. An Internet presented RandomNumber Field is ideal for identifying a key-set of numbers for use inmore conventional ciphers.

One preferred method of generating slow-speed natural random numbers isby the variable reflection or refraction of light across a liquidcylinder sustaining a flow of rising bubbles where the upward dimensionis at least 10 times the bubble stream diameter. The illuminated photodetectors are modulated by these random events and present a randomlyvariable voltage to an analog to digital (A/D) converter circuitcomponent. The concept allows multiple levels of photo detectors to bepositioned and modulated. Their quantity is limited only by thepractical height of the liquid cylinder.

The liquid may be water and the bubbles filled with air or a lessviscous fluid such as acetone or methyl acetate and an inert gas such asnitrogen or helium that may be used in a safer re-circulating gassystem. The advantage to these latter cases is greater rise velocity ofthe bubbles and faster sample time for each optical detector level. Theuse of a water jet can enhance bubble velocity within a fluid. Whereasin the above illustration the object was to create random opticalmodulation with dispersed bubbles in a liquid, it is also possible toachieve random optical modulation by using the jet itself to produce aflowing liquid stream which can be directed upward or downward.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The present invention therefore includes improvements on the liquidfilled cylinder random number generator disclosed in my prior referencedpatent filing. In this text I use the word cylinder by way of exampleand do not exclude other forms or shapes of vertical columns filled withsuitable fluid. The sequential use of clock-activated, light-emittingphoto diodes or lasers, as light-sources to activate the photodetectors, allows discrete and sequential sample time for variablevoltage measurements and an increased number-output rate. Positioningtwo or more photo-detectors, located in angular relationships withparallel or series connected logic gates which provide a “dimensional”sensing geometry that allows greater random flow of refractionmodulation.

Multiple Random Number Field Expansion

The concept of natural Random Number Fields allows the expansion ofnon-algorithmic natural random numbers and Random Number Fields forhigh-speed sequential use. Assume that the Random Number Fields arecreated at 1000 numbers per fields at the maximum rate of numbers persecond.

By using stepped non-carry sum (such as 10 position ring counters as oneexample) calculations such as:

1. A+B+C where A=a random number from field #1, and B=a random numberfrom field #2, and C=a random number from field #3.

2. Stepped product calculations in a similar manner.

3. Combinations of step 1 and step 2 above.

4. By using other algorithms with natural random numbers.

By using one or more of the above means thousands of natural randomnumbers may be created.

By way of example we can select 6156 numbers from the numbers createdper second. Dividing 6156 random numbers into three equal parts of 2052number sequences each, they can be combined in a systematic steppedsystem. This results in a permutation of 2052³ that comprises8,640,364,698 non-algorithmic natural-based random numbers. Thesignificance of the results may be apparent by considering the secondsin 24 hours.:

In one hour a slower speed random number generator can producesufficient numbers for a computer to provide much greater quantities ofnumbers. In fact, the computer could create any required numbers in lessthan 24-hours and store them to be accessed upon at a rate of hundredsof thousands per second. Obviously, once the numbers are committed tocomputer storage they can be presented at a much higher rate. Thepresentation time is correspondingly reduced.

The high-speed creation of natural random numbers makes possible a moreinclusive encryption system. If a sequence of random numbers are groupedas three digits, they allow the assignment for encryption of up to 256separate letters, numbers, and characters plus zero. The presentationspeed must be increased for the same character presentation quantity persecond.

The availability of a series of natural random numbers exceeding100,000/second makes possible the mixing of plain voice conversation(usually 4,000 Hz and below) using Analog-to-Digital means with a seriesof natural random numbers. By reversing the combined digital numbers(sums, products, etc) resulting, modified digital numbers are producedwhich are converted back to modified analog modulation that isencrypted.

An intended receiving party uses the same set of natural random numbersin reverse algorithm (− for +, ÷ for ×, etc) by then passing theencrypted modulation through an Analog to Digital converter in order toincorporate the reverse algorithmic step and therefore go back to ananalog signal, which allows a plain voice presentation.

It is an object of this invention to produce recorded natural randomnumbers at high-speed for recording in media which has the capability toreceive the natural random numbers digitally at one rate, and being ableto play them back at a higher rate. This could be facilitatedelectronically by increasing a controlling clock speed, or mechanicallyby increasing recording tape or recording disc speed during playback.Thus, “time compression” can provide a corresponding presentation rateincrease.

Adding additional groups of natural random numbers also provides enoughnumbers from a faster computer to generate millions of random numbersper second. Such a vast 24-hour natural random number sequence may thenbe stored on tape, disc, or other high-capacity memory storage means forlater use. Additionally, combinations of stepped sum, steppedmultiplication, and re-summation algorithms can be utilized to expandthe available working random number group. Preferably by also insertingadditional quantities of naturally derived random numbers.

The actual computer storage of 6,000 random numbers is not significant.In common computer terms, about 86 lines with 70 columns will accomplishit in memory requirements. Therefore the memory needed for just fewerthan this number of lines and columns will store the low rate requiredbasic 6000 random numbers, or 78 lines with 78 columns, approximately,in matrix terms. In summary:

1. The concept of generating natural random numbers at an improved lowerpresentation rate per second and, after sufficient accumulation, usingthese numbers at a very high computing rate per second to generate anexpanded sufficient number quantity to provide a high presentation rateof natural random numbers, including natural random number pairs.

2. The concept of providing during a 24-hour period, a continuous seriesof naturally derived random numbers at rates above or below 100,000 persecond for use on Internet absolute encryption traffic or localhigh-speed encryption use including voice communications. Telephonicvoice communication seldom needs to exceed 4,000 hertz. Hardware andsoftware to accomplish these methods is contemplated and would be ofcommercial value.

Combining the inventive non-algorithmic/computerized concepts of thepending patent provides a complete computerized encryption means. Such adevice would include at least one non-algorithmic natural high and aleast one low-speed natural number-generator with computer componentshaving visual read-out, and an input from software all in one package.The computer can periodically select non-algorithmic natural randomnumbers from the natural random number-generator(s) to insert into thealgorithmic expansion program that converts the more slowly derivednon-algorithmic natural random numbers to the high-speed series ofnumbers. Therefore a continuous new source of both high-speed andnon-algorithmic low-speed natural random numbers will be generated forboth encryption uses.

A search of the prior art did not disclose any patents that readdirectly on the claims of the instant invention. However, the followingreferences are considered related:

Codes & Ciphers by F. B. Wrixon, pages 150-151

The Code Book by Simon Singh, pages 120 through 122

The Code-Breakers by David Kahn, pages 199 to 201

Code-Breaking without Computers—Invention & Technology, Summer 2000—Vol.16, No. 1, page 36 to 41

[“one-time pad”] request with quote marks via any Internet search engine

A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 depicts a typical planar Random Number Field.

FIG. 2 depicts a typical planar Random Number Field showing a simplestepped choice of selected random numbers within the field.

FIG. 3A is a top plan view of a self-standing natural random numbergenerator.

FIG. 3B is an elevational side view of the self-standing natural randomnumber generator.

FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic sequence showing the major components for theInternet presentation of Random Number Fields.

FIG. 5 is an elevational side view showing a random number generatorusing a cylinder of liquid with rising bubbles to create liquidrefraction.

FIG. 6 is a sectional top plan view of a typical liquid column utilizinga typical photo-detector and photo-diode illuminator positions andincorporating simple electronic circuitry.

FIG. 7 shows a diagrammatic sequence of major components for theassembly of a high-speed random number generator incorporating alow-speed random number source and a computer encryption/decryptiondevice.

FIG. 8 shows a diagrammatic sequence of major components for theassembly of a natural random number based high-speed voicecommunications encryption and decryption device.

FIG. 9 is an elevational side view of a random number generator similarto FIG. 5 using a fluid jet for optical modulation.

FIG. 10 is a top plan view showing the components of FIG. 5 and 6 whilegenerating the random numbers using a fluid jet for optical modulation

FIG. 11 is an elevational side view of a random number generator similarto FIGS. 3, 5, and 9 but using a fluid jet directly for opticalmodulation.

FIG. 12 is a top plan view showing the components of FIG. 9 and 14 whilegenerating the random numbers using a fluid jet directly for opticalmodulation.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The best mode for carrying out the invention is presented in terms of apreferred embodiment for a system which produces a set ofnon-algorithmic random digital numbers:

As shown in FIG. 1, 1,000 naturally-derived random numbers are presentedin groups of 50 per line and divided into two left and right groups I &II. Letters from A to T inclusive identifies the 20 lines, for thepurpose of mutual user agreement as to which numbers are to be used andthe beginning number of a cipher. As explained infra, the numbersconstitute a Random Number Field and may be used in various combinationsincluding geometric means.

FIG. 2 shows a Random Number Field of 1,000 naturally-derived randomnumbers presented in groups of 50 per line and divided into left andright groups, I & II (the 20 lines are identified by letters from A to Tinclusive). On each line the numbers are further presented in groups ofrive. An arbitrary number sequence of 20 numbers that uses the protocolof one-left and one-down is shown with circled numbers (preferablyhighlighted in practice), starting with the number 2 at F7. The sequencecontinues until it reaches the lower edge of the field. Thereupon, byagreement, the sequence is continued at the top number (4) of the nextcolumn. The total sequence designated is: 295998053796813-44846, whereinthe numbers after the dash indicate the five continued top numbers.

FIG. 3A shows a top and side view respectively, of a self-standing,natural random number generator 66 with housing 21 for the low-speednatural random number generator 66 showing phantom outlines of a liquidcylinder 30 type design with a gas return conduit 36 and anelectric-powered gas pump 34 at the housing 21 base are also shown inFIG. 3B. A power switch 29 allows electric activation of the pump 34 viaa power line connection 27. A jack provides access to natural randomnumbers 52 that are generated and presented as a digital output signalas also shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.

In FIG. 4 is shown a diagrammatic sequence of major components for theInternet presentation of Random Numbers and Fields. The natural randomnumbers 52 are presented to a computer 22 that uses software from adrive 25 to program the presentation of the numbers on the Internet 26via a modem 24. A monitor 62 and a keyboard 28 provide operator controlof the presentation and a printer 64 provides a lasting record of eachcomputer-selected field that appears on the Internet 26 presentation.

FIG. 5 shows a plan view of an improved random number generator thatuses a cylinder 30 containing a liquid 32 with rising bubbles 44 tocreate random liquid refraction between attached photo sensors 38 andlight emitting diodes 40, which results in random light intensitydelivered to the diodes which can include laser types. The bubbles 44are created by gas such as porous stone by an electric-powered pump 34.At the top of the cylinder 30, a return conduit 36 returns the gas(white headed arrow) to the pump 34 for re-circulation. The cylinder 30is shown divided to indicate that photo detectors 38A and light emittingdiodes 40A are one level of N groupings of photo-detectors 38N, andlight emitting diodes 40N as the Nth group. The photo diodes 38 andlight emitting diodes 40 on the reverse side of the cylinder 30 are notshown and their positions are better indicated in the sectional view I—Iof FIG. 5.

FIG. 6 is a sectional top view I—I of a liquid cylinder 30 with typical,photo-detectors 38 and a light-emitting photo-diode illuminator 40,positions and incorporating simple electronic circuitry. The figureillustrates how the photo diodes 38 are positioned at 90-degreerelationships to one another and that the photo-diode illuminators 40are positioned opposite the photo-diodes at the opposite side of thecylinder 30. The photo-detectors 38 are orientated in this manner tocompound the random nature of the liquid 32 which contain bubbles 44 andare therefore connected in series to sum the compounded, modulatedintensity result. Suitable voltage (Vp) 58 is provided to a resistor 54which, in combination with the grounded series photo-detectors 32,creates a modulated voltage level that is passed on to ananalog-to-digital (A/D) converter 50 and then made available as randomnumbers at an output 52 as shown in FIG. 6. The photo-diode illuminators40 are energized via solid-state switches 56, and controlled by asequence timer 48 that is energized by a suitable voltage (VL) 46. Areturn conduit 36 section is shown with a white-headed arrow indicatingtop gas flow direction.

FIG. 7 shows a diagrammatic sequence of major components for theassembly of a high-speed natural random number generator 49incorporating a source of at least one low-speed, natural, random numbergenerator 66. Although FIG. 9 depicts one or more separate low-speedrandom number generators (1, 2, - - - N) 66, the figure does notnecessarily signify that the generators 66 are mounted on separateliquid cylinders 30, but may actually be at different levels of sensorsand light-emitting diodes 40 on the same cylinder. The high-speed,natural, random number generator 49 further consists of serial randomnumber accumulators 74 that present their individual output to a randomnumber sequence processor 70. The sequence processor 70 controls thephoto-diode analog sampling by a sequence of light-emitting diodes 40energizing (connections not shown), and also presents an accumulatedsequence of random numbers to a controlling computer 22 that operates atleast 500 MHz.

The computer 22 is connected to a monitor 62 and controlled by akeyboard 28 and an encryption/decryption 82 software input drive 25. Thecomputer 22 output of high-speed, natural, random numbers 80 is alsopresented to an external storage 76 means and to the Internet 26, or forlocal encryption use 78 including voice communications.

FIG. 8 shows a diagrammatic sequence of major components for theassembly of a natural, random-number-based, high-speed voicecommunications encryption and decryption device. Voice modulation 88 isshown activating a microphone 84 that is connected to a suitableanalog-to-digital (A/D) converter 50 that transmits a digital signal tothe computer 22 which has high-speed encryption 82 capabilities thatuses natural random numbers supplied by a synchronized software 94comprising a high-speed natural random number sequence 62. The computer22 then supplies a digitally-encrypted signal 92 to be transmitted bysuitable means to a second computer 22 having high-speed decryption 82capability that refers to the same set of synchronized software 94comprising the high-speed natural random number sequence 62. The outputof the second computer 22 refers the decrypted digital signal 92 to adigital-to-analog (D/A) converter 72 that passes an analog signal to aspeaker 86 that emits the original voice modulation 90 unencrypted.

FIG. 9 shows a plan view of another type of improved random numbergenerator having a higher speed output beyond 500 numbers per second andthat again uses a cylinder 30 of liquid 32 with a down-flowing fluid jet94 that is issued from a jet nozzle 92 supplied by a pipe 96 connectedto a fluid pump 98. The falling fluid, such as water, traps and drivesbubbles and fluid flow downward creating optical random liquidobstruction, reflection, and refraction between photo sensors 38 andlight emitting diodes 40. All other components duplicate FIG. 8.

FIG. 10 refers to FIG. 9 and also duplicates the components of FIG. 6except for the fluid jet 94 and the supplying pipe 96.

FIG. 11 shows a plan view of another type of improved random numbergenerator having a higher speed output beyond 500 numbers per second andthat again uses a cylinder 30 of liquid 32 with a down-flowing fluid jet94 that is issued from a jet nozzle 92 supplied by pipe 96 connected toa fluid pump 98. The jetted fluid 94, such as water, flows downwardcreating an optical random liquid obstruction, reflection, and/orrefraction between the photo sensors 38 and the light emitting diodes40. All other components duplicate FIG. 5. The fluid jet could also flowupward and fall back downward (not shown) again modulating illuminationto suitably placed photo diodes 40.

FIG. 12 refers to FIG. 11 and also duplicates the components of FIG. 6except for the fluid jet 94 and the supplying fluid pipe 96.

Although the present invention has been described with a certain degreeof particularity, it is understood that the present disclosure has beenmade by way of example, and changes in detail or structure may be madewithout departing from the spirit of the invention in the previousdescriptions or as defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A system for creating a set of non-algorithmic random digital numbers comprising: a.) means for utilizing a natural, random physical phenomena as a source for creating said set of random digital numbers, and b.) means for retrieving said set of random digital numbers for use in cipher encryption and decryption.
 2. The system as specified in claim 1 wherein said set of random digital numbers are in sequence, with every Nth number selected for visualization and printing as a number field.
 3. The system as specified in claim 1 wherein said physical phenomena is derived from optical changes of light that are sent to a sensor, wherein the optical changes are caused by an obstructive, a reflective, and/or a refractive index of a fluid that is agitated by random means and is received by a photoelectric device.
 4. The system as specified in claim 3 wherein the change of the refractive index results from bubbles rising in a fluid tank.
 5. The system as specified in claim 3 further comprising a fluid pump that pumps fluid into the fluid tank.
 6. The system as specified in claim 3 further comprising a fluid pump that pumps fluid and air into the fluid tank.
 7. The system as specified in claim 3 further comprising a means for converting random photoelectric device electric signals to digital numbers and having means to store said digital random numbers.
 8. The system as specified in claim 3 wherein the change of the refractive index results from fluid jet agitation of the fluid in the fluid tank, thus activating said photoelectric devices accordingly.
 9. The system as specified in claim 6 wherein said means for storing and retrieving said set of digital random numbers comprises a computer.
 10. The system as specified in claim 9 wherein said digital random numbers are sequentially stored in said computer before being released to a secured Internet site from where the numbers may be accessed.
 11. A system for creating a set of non-algorithmic random digital numbers wherein fluid agitation is created and optically measured as an electrical signal, and thus presented to an analog/digital converter to create digital random numbers for encryption use.
 12. The system as specified in claim 11 wherein the digital random numbers are subsequently stored in a computer memory for local and Internet use in encryption and other random number uses. 